Duygular ve ruh hâlleri (anxious, stressed, confident, frustrated, grateful, overwhelmed); -ed ve -ing sıfatları (bored-boring, interested-interesting, tired-tiring, frightened-frightening); stres, sınav kaygısı ve iyi oluş (well-being) üzerine okuma; tavsiye verme yapıları: should / ought to, had better, Why don’t you…?, If I were you, I would…, It might be a good idea to…; bağlaçlarla görüş bildirme (because, so, although, however); bir “advice column” (tavsiye köşesi) mektubu yazma.
Feelings and well-being
Reading – Coping with exam stress:
“Feeling anxious before an important exam is completely normal. A little stress can even help you focus. However, when stress becomes overwhelming, you may feel exhausted, frustrated or unable to sleep. Psychologists suggest that students should take regular breaks, get enough sleep and talk to someone they trust. Exercising, spending time in nature and practising deep breathing can also make you feel more relaxed and confident.”
Feelings: happy, excited, relaxed, confident, grateful, proud · anxious, stressed, nervous, frustrated, lonely, overwhelmed, embarrassed, disappointed
Well-being phrases: take a break, get enough sleep, open up to someone, keep a journal, set realistic goals, ask for help, think positively
-ed and -ing adjectives
-ed adjectives bir kişinin nasıl hissettiğini anlatır; -ing adjectives o duyguya neyin sebep olduğunu anlatır.
| Feeling (-ed) | Cause (-ing) |
|---|---|
| I am bored. | The lesson is boring. |
| She is interested in psychology. | Psychology is interesting. |
| We were tired after the trip. | The trip was tiring. |
| He was frightened. | The film was frightening. |
| They felt confused. | The instructions were confusing. |
| I’m amazed. | The view is amazing. |
⚠️ “I am boring.” = Ben sıkıcı biriyim! Sıkıldığını söylemek için I am bored. kullanılır.
Giving advice
| Structure | Example |
|---|---|
| should / ought to + V1 | You should talk to your teacher. · You ought to get more sleep. |
| had better + V1 (uyarı) | You’d better stop studying so late, or you’ll get ill. |
| Why don’t you + V1? | Why don’t you join a sports club? |
| If I were you, I would + V1 | If I were you, I would make a study plan. |
| It might be a good idea to + V1 | It might be a good idea to try meditation. |
| Have you thought about + V-ing? | Have you thought about talking to a counsellor? |
Linkers: I feel stressed because I have three exams. · I studied hard, so I felt confident. · Although I was tired, I finished my project. · I wanted to rest; however, I had to work.
Writing – An advice column:
“Dear Advisor, I feel anxious before every exam and I can’t sleep. What should I do? – Worried Student”
“Dear Worried Student, First of all, you are not alone. If I were you, I would make a realistic study timetable. You should also take short breaks and you’d better avoid screens before bed. It might be a good idea to talk to your school counsellor. Good luck!”
Kavramlar
- anxious
- kaygılı, endişeli
- overwhelmed
- bunalmış
- frustrated
- hayal kırıklığına uğramış, sinirli
- confident
- kendinden emin
- counsellor
- rehber öğretmen, danışman
- Feelings: anxious, stressed, confident, grateful, overwhelmed
- Well-being: take a break, get enough sleep, open up, ask for help
- -ed: hissedilen duygu; -ing: duyguya sebep olan
- should / ought to; had better (uyarı); Why don’t you…?
- If I were you, I would…; It might be a good idea to…
- because, so, although, however
Örnek soru ve çözümü
Kartlara göre şu cümleleri tamamlayınız: “The documentary was very _ (interest), so I wasn’t _ (bore) at all.”
interesting (belgesel ilgiye sebep oluyor) · bored (benim hissettiğim duygu).
Çözümlü örnekler
1. Choose: “I’m so _ (tired / tiring). I need a rest.” Kolay
Çözümtired.
2. Give advice with “If I were you”: “I can’t concentrate because of my phone.” Orta
ÇözümIf I were you, I would turn off my phone while studying.
3. Combine with “although”: “She was nervous. She gave a great presentation.” Zor
ÇözümAlthough she was nervous, she gave a great presentation.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- “I am boring” ile “I am bored” anlamlarını karıştırmak.
- “had better” sonrasında to kullanmak (You’d better to go ✗).
- “If I was you” yerine resmî kullanımda “If I were you” tercih edilmesi gerektiğini bilmemek.
Biliyor muydun?
Psychologists say that writing down three things you are grateful for every day can make you feel happier within a few weeks!