Aile üyeleri; aile üyelerinin rutinleri ve hobileri; şimdiki zaman (Present Continuous); Present Continuous ile Simple Present farkı; şimdiki zamanda question tags.
Family members
Family: mother (mum), father (dad), parents, sister, brother, grandmother (grandma), grandfather (grandpa), grandparents, aunt, uncle, cousin, son, daughter, wife, husband
- My father’s mother is my grandmother.
- My mother’s brother is my uncle.
- My aunt’s daughter is my cousin.
Possessive ’s (sahiplik): Ali’s sister (Ali’nin kız kardeşi), my mum’s car (annemin arabası)
Present Continuous: Ne yapıyor?
Present Continuous (şimdiki zaman) şu anda olan işleri anlatır.
Yapı: am / is / are + fiil-ing
| Özne | Olumlu | Olumsuz | Soru |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I am reading. | I’m not reading. | Am I reading? |
| He / She / It | She is cooking. | She isn’t cooking. | Is she cooking? |
| You / We / They | They are playing. | They aren’t playing. | Are they playing? |
-ing yazım kuralları:
- read → reading · play → playing
- dance → dancing (sondaki -e düşer)
- swim → swimming · run → running · sit → sitting (sessiz harf çiftlenir)
Zaman ifadeleri: now, right now, at the moment, Look!, Listen!
Simple Present vs Present Continuous
| Simple Present | Present Continuous |
|---|---|
| Her zaman, alışkanlık | Şu anda |
| My dad works in a hospital. | My dad is working now. |
| She usually reads at night. | She is reading at the moment. |
| every day, always, usually, on Sundays | now, right now, at the moment, Look! |
Örnek paragraf:
“It’s Sunday. My grandma usually cooks lunch on Sundays, but today she is resting. My dad is cooking pasta now. My little brother is playing with his toys and my mum is reading a book.”
Question tags with Present Continuous:
- You are studying, aren’t you?
- She isn’t sleeping, is she?
Kavramlar
- cousin
- kuzen
- aunt
- teyze, hala
- uncle
- amca, dayı
- at the moment
- şu anda
- parents
- anne-baba
- Aile üyeleri: parents, grandparents, aunt, uncle, cousin
- Possessive ’s: Ali’s sister
- Present Continuous: am/is/are + -ing
- Şu anda olan işler: now, at the moment, Look!
- Simple Present alışkanlık, Present Continuous şu an
- -ing kuralları: dance → dancing, swim → swimming
Örnek soru ve çözümü
“Babam her gün otobüsle işe gider ama bugün yürüyor.” cümlesini İngilizceye çeviriniz.
My father goes to work by bus every day, but today he is walking.
Çözümlü örnekler
1. “They _ (play) basketball now.” Kolay
Çözümare playing.
2. “swim” fiiline -ing ekleyiniz. Orta
Çözümswimming (m çiftlenir).
3. “Look! The baby (sleep). She usually (sleep) in the afternoon.” Zor
Çözümis sleeping (şu an), sleeps (alışkanlık).
Sık yapılan hatalar
- am/is/are’yi unutmak (She cooking ✗).
- “dance” → “danceing” yazmak.
- Alışkanlıklar için Present Continuous kullanmak.
Biliyor muydun?
İngilizcede “cousin” hem kız hem erkek kuzen için kullanılır; Türkçede de “kuzen” öyle!