Kişilerin dış görünüşünü ve kişiliğini tanımlama; “What does he look like? / What is he like?”; sıfat sırası; as … as ile eşitlik; -er / more … than ile karşılaştırma; kişileri karşılaştıran okuma metinleri.
Describing appearance
| Category | Words |
|---|---|
| Height | tall, short, of medium height |
| Build | slim, thin, plump, overweight, well-built, muscular |
| Hair | long / short / shoulder-length; straight / wavy / curly; blonde / brown / black / red / grey; bald |
| Face | round, oval; freckles, dimples, beard, moustache |
| Eyes | big / small; blue / green / brown / hazel / dark |
| Age | young, middle-aged, old, in his/her twenties |
Order of adjectives (sıfat sırası): opinion → size → shape → age → colour → noun
→ She has got beautiful long straight black hair.
→ He has got big round brown eyes.
- What does Kerem look like? – He is tall and slim. He has got short curly hair and freckles.
Describing personality
| Positive | Negative |
|---|---|
| friendly (cana yakın) | unfriendly |
| generous (cömert) | mean / stingy (cimri) |
| hard-working (çalışkan) | lazy (tembel) |
| honest (dürüst) | dishonest |
| patient (sabırlı) | impatient |
| polite (kibar) | rude (kaba) |
| brave (cesur) | coward (korkak) |
| outgoing / sociable (dışa dönük) | shy (utangaç) |
| clever / smart | silly |
| easygoing (uysal, rahat) | bad-tempered / moody (huysuz) |
| helpful | selfish (bencil) |
- What is Defne like? – She is outgoing and helpful, but sometimes she is a bit impatient.
- ⚠️ “look like” → görünüş, “be like” → kişilik!
Comparisons: -er than, more … than, as … as
| Adjective | Comparative | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| tall | taller than | kısa sıfat + -er |
| slim | slimmer than | ünsüz-ünlü-ünsüz → çiftle |
| friendly | friendlier than | -y → -ier |
| generous | more generous than | uzun sıfat → more |
| patient | more patient than | more |
| good / bad | better / worse than | düzensiz |
- Kerem is taller than Defne. / Defne is more outgoing than Kerem.
- as … as (eşitlik): Ali is as tall as Can. (aynı boyda)
- not as … as: I am not as patient as my mother. (annem kadar sabırlı değilim)
- less … than: This book is less interesting than that one.
Reading: My twin cousins
“My cousins Ece and Ela are twins, but they aren’t exactly the same. They both have got wavy brown hair and green eyes. Ece is a bit taller than Ela, and Ela has got freckles. Ece is outgoing; she loves meeting new people. Ela is shyer than her sister, but she is more hard-working. She always finishes her homework first. They are both as generous as their grandmother. They share everything with their friends!”
Kavramlar
- freckles
- çil
- easygoing
- rahat, uysal
- bad-tempered
- huysuz
- outgoing
- dışa dönük
- middle-aged
- orta yaşlı
- look like → görünüş, be like → kişilik
- Sıfat sırası: opinion-size-shape-age-colour
- Kısa sıfat -er than, uzun sıfat more … than
- as … as eşitlik; not as … as daha az
- good-better, bad-worse
- Kişilik sıfatlarının zıtları: generous ↔ mean, polite ↔ rude
Örnek soru ve çözümü
Grafiğe göre Ali ile Can’ı “as … as” ile, Kerem ile Defne’yi “-er than” ile karşılaştırınız.
Ali is as tall as Can. Kerem is taller than Defne.
Çözümlü örnekler
1. “shy” sıfatının comparative hâli nedir? Kolay
Çözümshyer.
2. “She has got _ hair.” (straight / long / beautiful) sıfatları doğru sırayla yazınız. Orta
Çözümbeautiful long straight hair.
3. “Benim kardeşim benim kadar sabırlı değil.” cümlesini İngilizceye çeviriniz. Zor
ÇözümMy brother is not as patient as me / as I am.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- “What does he like?” ile “What is he like?” sorularını karıştırmak.
- “more taller” demek.
- “as tall than” demek (as tall as).
Biliyor muydun?
“Freckles” (çiller) güneş ışığında daha belirgin olur; bu yüzden yazın daha çok çilli görünürüz!