Vücut, hastalıklar ve sağlıklı yaşam; doktorda konuşma; geçmişte sürmekte olan eylemin başka bir olayla kesilmesi (Past Continuous vs Past Simple, when/while); geçmişteki yetenek (could); geçmiş alışkanlıklar (used to / would); wh-soruları; ilgili zamanlarda question tags; öneri (should, had better).
Body and illnesses
Body: ankle, wrist, elbow, knee, shoulder, chest, throat, stomach, back, forehead
Illnesses & symptoms: have a headache / a sore throat / a fever / a cough / a runny nose / a stomachache / the flu · sprain your ankle · break your arm · feel dizzy · be allergic to
At the doctor’s:
A: What’s the matter? / What seems to be the problem?
B: I have a high fever and my throat hurts.
A: How long have you felt like this? → Since yesterday.
A: You should rest and drink plenty of water. You had better not go to school tomorrow.
Healthy habits: get enough sleep, eat balanced meals, exercise regularly, limit screen time, drink water, wash hands
Past Continuous vs Past Simple
Past Continuous (was/were + V-ing): geçmişte belirli bir anda sürmekte olan eylem
Past Simple: geçmişte tamamlanmış kısa eylem
Interrupted action:
- I was playing basketball when I sprained my ankle. (uzun eylem kısa eylemle kesildi)
- While she was cooking, she burnt her finger.
Two actions at the same time:
- While I was studying, my brother was listening to music.
when + Past Simple (kısa olay) · while + Past Continuous (süren olay)
Question tags: You were sleeping, weren’t you? / He didn’t go to the doctor, did he?
could, used to and would
could (past ability): When I was five, I could swim. / I couldn’t ride a bike until I was eight.
used to + V1: geçmişte olup artık olmayan alışkanlık veya durum
- I used to eat a lot of junk food, but now I eat healthily.
- Did you use to play outside? – Yes, I did.
- She didn’t use to like vegetables.
would + V1: yalnızca geçmişte tekrarlanan eylemler için (durumlar için değil)
- Every summer, my grandma would make fresh lemonade.
- ⚠️ I used to have long hair. ✓ (durum) · I would have long hair. ✗
Kavramlar
- sprain
- burkmak
- sore throat
- boğaz ağrısı
- dizzy
- başı dönen
- symptom
- belirti
- prescription
- reçete
- What’s the matter? · I have a sore throat / a fever
- should / had better: advice
- Past Continuous: süren eylem; Past Simple: kısa, biten eylem
- when + Past Simple; while + Past Continuous
- used to: artık olmayan geçmiş alışkanlık/durum
- would yalnızca tekrarlanan eylemler için
Örnek soru ve çözümü
Combine with when/while: “I was running in the park.” + “I fell down.”
I was running in the park when I fell down. / While I was running in the park, I fell down.
Çözümlü örnekler
1. “She _ (watch) TV when the phone rang.” Kolay
Çözümwas watching.
2. Rewrite with used to: “In the past I played video games every night. I don’t now.” Orta
ÇözümI used to play video games every night.
3. Which is wrong and why? “My grandpa would live in a village.” Zor
ÇözümWrong: would is not used for states. Correct: My grandpa used to live in a village.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- “I use to play” in past meaning (used to).
- Using would for past states.
- Using while with a short action (While the phone rang ✗).
Biliyor muydun?
Laughing is good for your health: studies suggest it can lower stress hormones and even help your body fight illnesses!