Hobiler, yetenekler ve boş zaman etkinlikleri (photography, coding, playing an instrument, volunteering, extreme sports); gerund (V-ing) ve infinitive (to + V) kullanımı; -ing alan fiiller (enjoy, avoid, mind, finish, keep), to alan fiiller (want, decide, hope, plan, learn), her ikisini alan ve anlam değiştiren fiiller (stop, remember, forget, try); edat sonrası gerund (be good at, be interested in, look forward to); tercih bildirme (prefer, would rather, would prefer).
Hobbies and skills
Reading – Teens and their hobbies:
“Ece enjoys taking photos of street cats and has decided to open an online gallery. Mert is good at coding; he hopes to design his own mobile game. Zeynep prefers volunteering at an animal shelter to playing video games. They all agree that learning a new skill makes them more confident.”
Vocabulary: take up a hobby, be keen on, be fond of, be into, practise, improve a skill, a talent, a beginner, an expert, extreme sports (rock climbing, paragliding, rafting), arts and crafts (knitting, pottery, calligraphy, ebru)
Gerund or infinitive?
| + V-ing (gerund) | + to V (infinitive) |
|---|---|
| enjoy, avoid, mind, finish, keep, practise, suggest, give up, can’t stand | want, decide, hope, plan, learn, agree, promise, refuse, would like |
| I enjoy painting. | I want to learn the guitar. |
After prepositions → gerund: be good at swimming · be interested in drawing · look forward to meeting you ⚠️ · instead of watching TV · thank you for helping
Gerund as subject: Reading improves vocabulary.
Infinitive of purpose: I joined the club to make new friends.
Verbs with a change in meaning and preferences
| Verb | + V-ing | + to V |
|---|---|---|
| stop | I stopped playing football. (bıraktım) | I stopped to drink water. (su içmek için durdum) |
| remember | I remember meeting her. (geçmişi hatırlıyorum) | Remember to lock the door. (unutma, yap) |
| forget | I’ll never forget visiting Kapadokya. | Don’t forget to bring your camera. |
| try | Try adding some salt. (deneme amaçlı yap) | I tried to lift the box, but it was too heavy. (çabaladım) |
Expressing preferences:
- prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing: I prefer reading to watching TV.
- would rather + V1 + than + V1: I’d rather stay home than go out.
- would prefer + to V: I’d prefer to walk.
Kavramlar
- take up
- bir hobiye başlamak
- be keen on
- çok hevesli olmak
- beginner
- acemi
- give up
- bırakmak
- look forward to
- dört gözle beklemek
- enjoy, avoid, mind, finish, keep + V-ing
- want, decide, hope, plan, learn + to V
- Edattan sonra gerund (good at, look forward to)
- stop, remember, forget, try anlam değiştirir
- prefer V-ing to V-ing; would rather V1 than V1
- Amaç bildirmede to V
Örnek soru ve çözümü
Choose the correct form: “I’m looking forward to _ (see) you, and I’ve decided _ (bring) my new camera.”
seeing (look forward to + V-ing) · to bring (decide + to V).
Çözümlü örnekler
1. “She enjoys _ (dance).” Kolay
Çözümdancing.
2. Explain: “He stopped smoking.” / “He stopped to smoke.” Orta
Çözümİlki sigarayı bıraktığını; ikincisi sigara içmek için durduğunu anlatır.
3. Rewrite with “would rather”: “I prefer cycling to driving.” Zor
ÇözümI’d rather cycle than drive.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- “look forward to see” demek (doğrusu seeing).
- “enjoy to swim” demek (enjoy swimming).
- “would rather to stay” demek (would rather stay).
Biliyor muydun?
Ebru, the Turkish art of marbling, is on UNESCO’s list of Intangible Cultural Heritage — some teens now share their ebru videos online and teach it to people around the world!