Görgü kuralları ve nezaket (table manners, greetings, gift-giving, punctuality, online etiquette – netiquette); farklı kültürlerde görgü kuralları (Türkiye, Japonya, Birleşik Krallık, Hindistan, Orta Doğu) ve kültürel farkındalık; nezaket ve beklenti bildiren yapılar: be supposed to / be expected to, It is polite / rude to…, You should / shouldn’t…, make / let; kibar rica ve izin isteme kalıpları; bir yabancı arkadaşa Türk görgü kurallarını anlatan e-posta ya da rehber yazma.
Good manners around the world
Reading – When in Rome, do as the Romans do:
“Good manners can be very different from one culture to another. In Japan, people bow to greet each other and it is considered rude to leave a tip in a restaurant. In the United Kingdom, people are expected to queue patiently and say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ all the time. In Türkiye, guests are supposed to take off their shoes when they enter a home, and hosts usually offer tea or Turkish coffee. In many Middle Eastern countries, you should eat with your right hand. Learning these customs shows respect for other cultures.”
Vocabulary: etiquette, manners, polite, rude, respectful, punctual, bow, shake hands, queue, tip, host, guest, custom, tradition, offend, appreciate
Expressing rules and expectations
| Structure | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| be supposed to + V1 | Beklenen, kurallara göre yapılması gereken | You are supposed to be on time for a job interview. |
| be expected to + V1 | Toplumun beklentisi | Guests are expected to bring a small gift. |
| It is polite / rude to + V1 | Nezaket değerlendirmesi | It is rude to talk with your mouth full. |
| It is considered + adj + to | Genel kabul | It is considered impolite to point at people. |
| should / shouldn’t | Tavsiye | You shouldn’t use your phone at the dinner table. |
| make / let + someone + V1 | Zorlamak / izin vermek | My parents make me say thank you. · They let me choose. |
Netiquette (online manners): Don’t write in CAPITAL LETTERS (it looks like shouting) · Think before you post · Respect others’ privacy · Don’t share photos without permission
Polite requests and a guide for visitors
Polite requests and permission:
- Could you pass the salt, please? · Would you mind closing the door?
- May I sit here? · Is it OK if I take a photo? · Do you mind if I open the window?
Polite responses: Of course. · Go ahead. · I’m afraid not, sorry. · Not at all.
Writing – A guide for a foreign friend visiting Türkiye:
“Dear Tom, here are some tips for your visit! When you enter someone’s home, you are supposed to take off your shoes – hosts often give you slippers. Older people are shown great respect; it is polite to stand up when they enter the room and some young people kiss their hands during bayram. If someone offers you tea, it is considered polite to accept. During meals, guests are expected to taste every dish – and don’t be surprised if your host keeps offering you more food! Afiyet olsun!”
Kavramlar
- etiquette
- görgü kuralları
- punctual
- dakik
- queue
- sıra beklemek
- offend
- kırmak, gücendirmek
- host
- ev sahibi
- Etiquette changes from culture to culture
- be supposed to / be expected to + V1: beklenti ve kural
- It is polite / rude to…; It is considered impolite to…
- make + someone + V1 (zorlamak); let + someone + V1 (izin)
- Polite requests: Could you…? Would you mind + V-ing? May I…?
- Netiquette: think before you post, respect privacy
Örnek soru ve çözümü
Kartlardaki ülkelerin görgü kurallarını “be supposed to” ya da “It is rude to” yapılarıyla birer cümleyle anlatınız.
Türkiye: “You are supposed to take off your shoes when you enter a home.” Japonya: “It is rude to leave a tip in a restaurant.” Birleşik Krallık: “People are expected to queue patiently.”
Çözümlü örnekler
1. Complete: “It is rude _ (interrupt) people.” Kolay
Çözümto interrupt.
2. Choose: “My teacher _ (makes / lets) us use dictionaries in the exam.” (izin) Orta
Çözümlets.
3. Rewrite politely: “Give me your pen.” Zor
ÇözümCould you lend me your pen, please? / Would you mind lending me your pen?
Sık yapılan hatalar
- make/let sonrasında to kullanmak (They let me to go ✗).
- “be supposed to” yapısında be fiilini unutmak (You supposed to ✗).
- “Would you mind” sonrasında V1 kullanmak (Would you mind open ✗).
Biliyor muydun?
In some countries, finishing all the food on your plate means you are still hungry, while in others it shows you enjoyed the meal!